Is Pakistan safe for female travellers? It’s a tricky question with a layered and complex answer.
Born and raised in Pakistan, and now having travelled quite extensively, I still find it to be one of the most unsettling places as a local woman. The harsh reality is that the worst injustices often befall us, the women who call this country home.
However, if you’re a foreign tourist, your experience is likely to be quite different. You’ll encounter warm hospitality and preferential treatment almost everywhere you go. Despite the challenges, I still rank some parts of Pakistan among my favorite places on earth, filled with the most generous and nice people. This post dives into the nuanced realities of female safety in Pakistan, offering an honest look at what you can expect as a woman traveler.
The Real Deal on Pakistan’s Safety: Media Hype vs. Reality
What the News Media Says
Turn on the news, and Pakistan is portrayed as a country in constant chaos—whether it’s political instability, terrorist attacks, or seemingly always on the brink of war with Iran or India. The headlines suggest a land where danger is around every corner. While the country has faced challenges, millions of people still live, work, and, navigate life on a daily basis. The reality of current events and security issues is more nuanced than the sensationalized stories might have you believe.
What Instagram Influencers Say
On the flip side, Instagram influencers often depict Pakistan as a hidden gem—filled with stunning landscapes, warm hospitality, and adventure. They paint a picture that’s beautiful but not entirely complete. This romanticized view can mislead outsiders into underestimating the complexities of traveling here, especially as a woman.
The truth lies somewhere in between—while it’s undeniable that Pakistan has its challenges, particularly for women, it’s also true that the experience of traveling here can be positive, especially for those who are well-prepared and mindful of the cultural context. It’s crucial to approach Pakistan with both eyes open, understanding that the romanticized image often portrayed by foreign influencers doesn’t always reflect the lived realities of local women.
This dichotomy between media narratives and on-the-ground experiences can create a misleading sense of security for outsiders, obscuring the precautions that are necessary for safely traveling Pakistan.
Pakistan’s Regions: The Good, The Bad, and The Risky
How safe you feel as a female traveler in Pakistan really depends on where you’re headed. It’s a massive country with a mix of cultures, customs, and safety levels. Here’s a VERY rough breakdown on which regions to check out and which ones to steer clear of.
High-Risk Areas
There are some parts of Pakistan that you’re better off avoiding altogether. Balochistan is one of them – due to security concerns, most of Balochistan remains off-limits to foreign travelers, keeping its wild landscapes largely unexplored. There is a high risk of kidnapping and militant activity, and the whole province is a bit of a wild west. There are separatist groups in the area, who want to become independant (for good reason), but it further makes the area unsafe.
Then there’s Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province along the border with Afghanistan. These places are pretty much off-limits, the security situation is unstable, and its filled with all sorts of shady taliban people and a history of violence that doesn’t seem to fade.
Azad Kashmir is another area to avoid, especially around the border with India.
All of these high risk areas are generally closed off for tourists so you don’t have to worry about accidentally ending up there.
Moderate-Risk Areas
Some areas in Pakistan are generally okay but still require you to keep your wits about you. Peshawar and the Swat Valley are good examples. Peshawar has a rich history and culture, but it’s had its fair share of trouble. Things are better now, but it’s still wise to stay informed and be cautious. Swat Valley, often called the “Switzerland of Pakistan,” is drop-dead gorgeous, but it has a past with the Taliban. My personal experience in Swat has been nothing short of wonderful, but you should always check the latest updates before heading out there. In these regions, blending in, respecting local customs, and staying aware of your surroundings are key.
Safe Regions for Women
Now, let’s talk about the spots where you don’t have to worry quite as much. Islamabad, the capital city, is one of the safest cities around. It’s got a nice mix of modernity and tradition, and you can explore without constantly looking over your shoulder.
Lahore, the cultural heart of the country, is another one. Wander through its historical sites and bustling markets, and you’ll find it’s pretty welcoming, especially in the more “liberal” neighborhoods. (More on that later).
Karachi, often gets a bad rep for petty theft and crimes, but I wouldn’t consider than unsafe. In this article, unsafe is anything that may actually pose physical risk/serious trauma to you.
The Hunza Valley is where you’ll want to be. It’s not just stunningly beautiful; the people here, mostly Ismailis, are super open-minded and used to seeing tourists. Women are more visible and active in public life, so you’ll feel right at home. There are many popular treks in the area, so they are used to seeing foreigners including women who come here for mountaineering.
Upper Chitral/ Kalash Valleys are part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, which I just told you to steer clear off. However, they are an exception in the area. The Kalasha people are known for their unique culture and warm hospitality, making this a must-visit for anyone interested in something different.
These regions are where you can truly experience the beauty of Pakistan without constantly worrying about your safety.
Social Norms 101: What Women Travelers Should Know
Dress Code
In Pakistan, while there’s no legally enforced dress code like in Iran, cultural norms play a big role in how you should dress as a female traveler. Most women on the streets wear shalwar kameez—a traditional outfit with a long tunic (kameez) and loose trousers (shalwar). In conservative areas, it’s common to see women with a chaddar or shawl for added modesty. In major cities like Lahore, Islamabad, and Karachi, the dress code varies by neighborhood. In wealthier areas, you’ll see women in jeans and Western attire—a lingering effect of colonization. But in more conservative areas, shalwar kameez is the norm. No matter where you are, it’s smart to cover your knees and shoulders at a minimum. In more conservative regions, covering your arms, legs, and ensuring your outfit is loose-fitting is the way to go.
Behavior in Public Spaces
Pakistan is a deeply male-dominated society, and this is reflected in public spaces, where men are far more visible than women. Women are often confined to the home, leaving the streets and public areas predominantly male. As a foreign female, navigating these spaces requires sensitivity to local norms and an understanding that public spaces are traditionally not designed with women in mind. Here are some guidelines to help you navigate:
- Cover your head in religious places.
- Choose to sit in “family” areas of restaurants and dhabas.
- Avoid smoking publicly.
- Sit next to women whenever possible unless you know the men.
- Refrain from shaking hands with men.
- Women typically do not pray in mosques.
- Be prepared for a lot of staring, questions about your marital status, and interactions that may be limited to men.
Interacting with Men
As much as some influencers might paint a picture of Pakistan as a welcoming place where interactions are easy and carefree, the reality is often more complex, especially for women. Even after living here my entire life, I still find myself avoiding interactions with unfamiliar men whenever possible. It’s not about mistrusting everyone—it’s about not wanting to take any chances in a society where boundaries can be easily misunderstood or ignored. Here are some guidelines to help you navigate these interactions:
- Use familial terms like “bhai” (brother) or “uncle” when addressing men.
- Keep a respectful distance and avoid smiling too much, which can sometimes be misinterpreted.
- Don’t share personal contact details with strangers.
- And most importantly, don’t be afraid to be assertive or even rude if the situation calls for it. Your safety always comes first.
- Avoid saying you are a single woman, or that you have a boyfriend. The feminist in me is dying a little that I’m saying this, but pretending you have a husband is good way to avoid unwanted advances from men.
PDA
Public displays of affection (PDA) are a no-go in Pakistan. This includes holding hands, kissing, or hugging in public. It’s considered inappropriate, and it’s best to avoid it, especially if you’re an unmarried couple. Even shaking hands between men and women is uncommon as a form of greeting.
LGBTQ+
Being gay is illegal in Pakistan, with penalties of up to 10 years in prison, but laws don’t change people’s sexual orientation. There’s an underground gay culture in big cities, where people only open up in the confines of their homes or a private party. It’s generally safe as long as you don’t openly discuss your orientation. The Khwajasirah community, representing transgender individuals, exists within society but faces significant discrimination—a stark contrast to their revered status during Mughal times.
Alcohol and Hashish
Both alcohol and hashish are technically illegal in Pakistan, but the rules are nuanced. Alcohol is prohibited for Muslim locals, but foreigners can often purchase it legally at hotels. Hashish, though widely available, is illegal, and getting caught could lead to trouble, especially since being a foreigner might make you a target for larger bribes and harassment from authorities. It’s best to avoid these substances to steer clear of any legal complications.
Online Dating
I would strongly advise against online dating in Pakistan. Many men here fetishize foreign women, particularly white women, and often hold the misconception that they are more likely to engage in casual relationships due to perceived moral laxity. This can lead to uncomfortable and even dangerous situations. It’s not worth the risk, so if I were you, I’d just avoid it altogether.
Respecting Religion
Pakistan’s blasphemy laws are among the strictest in the world, and even a perceived slight against Islam or religious practices can provoke serious consequences, including mob violence. While convictions under these laws are rare, the threat of public outrage is very real. It’s crucial to avoid any religious conversations, especially about atheism or critiques of Islam, unless you are absolutely sure of the company you are in. Respecting local religious practices is not just polite—it’s essential for your safety.
Safety Tips for Solo Female Travelers
Accommodation
Finding safe and female-friendly accommodation in Pakistan is crucial, and it’s one area where I strongly advise against cutting corners. Do not use Couchsurfing, no matter how tempting it might seem. If your budget allows, opt for well-known, reputable hotels like the Marriott or Serena. These establishments offer not only comfort but also the security that’s essential in a country where safety concerns are valid. Pakistan is an affordable destination, so splurging on accommodation is a wise investment in your peace of mind and safety, no matter what the state-sponsored influencers might suggest.
Transportation and Communication
When it comes to getting around, Uber and Careem are your best bets in cities—they’re reliable and generally safe. For long-distance travel, public transport buses like Daewoo or Natco are also decent options, providing a level of accountability that’s essential in a place like Pakistan. Hitchhiking is not advisable under any circumstances. It’s crucial to stick to modes of transportation where there’s some form of record or tracking.
Another tip is to get a local SIM card as soon as possible—Airalo Esim is a good option. If you’re heading to the northern regions, you’ll need an SCom SIM, which is only available once you reach Gilgit. And whatever you do, don’t walk alone at night, especially in urban areas.
Credit cars are accepted in bigger establishments but always carry cash for smaller shops and restaurants.
Dealing with Authorities
Navigating checkpoints and dealing with police or military authorities is a reality of traveling in Pakistan. Always carry 5-10 copies of your passport to hand out when requested. Interactions with security officials are usually straightforward, but being prepared with these copies will save you time and hassle. It’s essential to remain calm, respectful, and patient during these encounters, as they are part of the standard security measures in the country.
Addressing Specific Concerns
Sexual Assault, Groping, and Rape in Pakistan
Sexual violence against women in Pakistan is a pervasive issue, with an average of 11 reported rapes a day, and fewer than 3 percent of these cases leading to convictions. While the tragic case of Arpi, a foreign traveler who was raped and blackmailed by a man she met on Couchsurfing, shocked many, it also highlighted a harsh reality that local women face daily. It’s true that such extreme cases are rare for foreign travelers, but dismissing the issue as a non-problem insults the millions of Pakistani women who endure sexual assault regularly. To mitigate risks, stay in reputable accommodations, avoid unnecessary interactions with strangers, and always be aware of your surroundings. Acknowledging the dangers, rather than downplaying them, is crucial for your safety and respect for those who live with these risks every day.
Dealing with Environmental Risks
Landslides: In the northern regions, landslides are a common occurrence, especially during the monsoon season. There have been cases where vehicles have been trapped, although authorities usually respond quickly to clear the larger roads like the Karakoram Highway (KKH). Before heading to remote areas, always check with local authorities for the latest conditions.
Scorching Summer Temperatures: During summer, temperatures in cities like Lahore and Karachi can soar well above 40°C (104°F). The heat can be oppressive, and dehydration is a real risk. Plan your activities for the cooler parts of the day, stay hydrated, and seek out air-conditioned spaces whenever possible.
Driving in Pakistan
Driving in Pakistan can be challenging, particularly for women. The roads are chaotic, and traffic rules are often more of a suggestion than a law. Women driving alone might attract unwanted attention, especially outside of major cities. If you do choose to drive, stick to well-traveled routes, keep your doors locked, and avoid driving after dark whenever possible.
Tap Water in Pakistan
Tap water in Pakistan is not safe to drink. Contaminants and bacteria are common, and consuming it can lead to severe gastrointestinal issues. Always opt for bottled water, and ensure the seal is intact before drinking.
Petty Theft
Street theft, scams, and minor crimes are not uncommon, particularly in crowded urban areas. However, these incidents rarely escalate into something more dangerous for foreign travelers. The repercussions for locals versus foreigners can be drastically different. This disparity often leaves foreign travelers feeling more secure, though it’s important to recognize the privileged position many outsiders hold in this society.
Benefits of Traveling as a Woman in Pakistan
Despite the challenges, traveling as a woman in Pakistan comes with some unexpected perks. The country’s renowned hospitality often goes even further for women, with locals eager to ensure your safety and comfort. Being a woman can open doors to experiences that men might miss—like invitations into private homes, participation in all-women gatherings, or special treatment at events.
On public transport, you’re likely to get the best seats, and in markets, vendors often go out of their way to offer you the best deals. This cultural tendency to prioritize the safety and comfort of female guests can make your journey not just safer, but more memorable—filled with genuine connections and warm encounters that leave a lasting impression.
There’s also that deep-seated sense of overprotection that many in Pakistan feel toward women. It’s a double-edged sword: while it can limit your freedom, it also means that if you’re ever in need, there will be plenty of people ready to help.
As a foreign woman, you’re not bound by the same social expectations as domestic tourists local women. You have more freedom; the gender “rules” don’t apply to you in the same way. While that’s certainly a privilege, it’s also an unfair reality. I’ve seen this dynamic play out repeatedly in Pakistan, and it’s part of why it drives me up the wall when white women come here and rave about what an amazing place it is for women.
So, Should You Visit Pakistan?
I hope I haven’t scared you off because, despite the challenges, this country is truly one of the most beautiful places on Earth. Yes, it’s an intensely patriarchal and conservative country, and the reality is that having the “protection” of a man is still important here. Visiting Pakistan isn’t your average tourist experience—it’s an adventure, full of contrasts and unforgettable moments. But if you do decide to make it part of your travel plans, you’ll be rewarded with the warmth and hospitality of the Pakistani people and the chance to see natural beauty that’s hard to match. My travel advice? Join a good tour group or come with a bunch of friends. Pakistan may not be the safest destination for solo female travel just yet, but with the right approach, it could be the trip of a lifetime.